| Symbol |
JIS code |
Unicode |
Name or names |
Usage |
| Repetition marks
[odoriji (踊り字), jouji (畳字)]
|
|
々 |
2139 |
3005 | noma (ノマ)
kuma
kurikaeshi (繰り返し)
dou no jiten (同の字点) |
It is called noma because it looks like katakana
no and ma).
This symbol originates from a simplified form of the character 仝, a
variant of 同 written in the sousho style. It is also called
noma, because it looks like a katakana "no" and "ma" joined: ノマ.
It's used to show the repetition of the previous kanji or
kana character.
|
|
ヽ |
2133 |
30FD | katakanagaeshi (かたかながえし)
kurikaeshi (くりかえし) |
Repeat the previous katakana.
|
| ヾ |
2134 |
30FE | katakanagaeshi (かたかながえし)
kurikaeshi (くりかえし) |
Repeat the previous katakana with a nigori mark.
|
|
ゝ |
2135 |
309D | hiraganagaeshi (ひらがながえし)
kurikaeshi (くりかえし) |
Repeat the previous hiragana. For example はは could be はゝ.
|
| ゞ |
2136 |
309E | hiraganagaeshi (ひらがながえし)
kurikaeshi |
Repeat the previous hiragana with a nigori
added. For example はば could be written はゞ.
|
|
〃 |
2137 |
3003 | nonoten (ノノ点) |
Ditto mark. It is called nonoten because it looks like
two katakana nos
|
|
None |
3033
3035 | kunojiten (くの字点) |
This repetition mark is used in yokogaki (downwards) writing,
(see 1.3.8. Can Japanese be written right to left?) and it means repeat the previous two or
more kana. Note that one symbol requires two Unicode characters.
|
|
None |
3034
3035 | kunojiten (くの字点) |
This is the kunojiten mark with dakuten. The dakuten applies
to the first character of the word. For example, tokorodokoro
could be written vertically as ところ plus this mark. Note that one
symbol requires two Unicode characters.
|
| Brackets and quotation marks
[kakko (括弧)]
|
|
「」 |
2156
2157 |
300C
300D | kagi (鉤)
kagikakko (鉤括弧) |
These are the usual Japanese quotation marks.
|
|
『』 |
2158
2159 |
300E
300F | kagi (鉤)
nijuukagikakko (二重鉤括弧) |
Japanese version of double quotes.
|
|
（） |
214A
214B |
FF08
FF09 | paaren (パーレン)
kakko (括弧)
marugakko (丸括弧)
shoukakkou (しょう括弧) |
The word paaren is said to be an abbreviation of the German
word for parentheses, although modern German uses the word "Klammer"
for this symbol.
|
|
〔〕 |
214C
214D |
3014
3015 | kikkou (亀甲) |
Used to insert comments into quoted text.
|
| ［］ |
214E
214F |
FF3B
FF3D | kakko (括弧)
kagikakko (鉤括弧) |
|
|
｛｝ |
2150
2151 |
FF5B
FF5D | bureesu (ブレース)
namikakko (波括弧)
nakakakko (中括弧) |
|
|
〈〉 |
2152
2153 |
3008
3009 | kakko (括弧)
yamakakko (山括弧)
gyume (ギュメ)
yamagata (山がた) |
ギュメ is from French "guillemet".
|
|
《》 |
2154
2155 |
300A
300B | kakko (括弧)
nijuuyamakakko (二重山括弧)
nijuugyume (二重ギュメ)
nijuuyamagata (二重山がた) |
|
|
【】 |
215A
215B |
3010
3011 | kakko (括弧)
sumitsukikakko (すみつきかっこ) |
Used in headings, for example in dictionary definitions.
|
| Phonetic marks
[hatsuonkigou (発音記号)]
|
|
っ |
2443 |
3063 | sokuon (促音) |
See 1.3.4. What are the systems of romanization of Japanese? for details of how to produce a sokuon
character on a word processor. See also 7.2. What is that small tsu at the end of a sentence? for one usage
of this character.
|
|
ー |
213C |
30FC | chouon (長音)
bousen (棒線) |
Indicates a lengthened vowel sound. Often used with katakana. The
direction of writing depends on the direction of text. See
1.3.8. Can Japanese be written right to left?
|
|
゛ |
212B |
309B | dakuten (濁点)
nigori (濁り) |
Used with hiragana or katakana to indicate a
"voiced" sound. For example, this mark changes ta to
da and shi to ji.
|
|
゜ |
212C |
309C | handakuten (半濁点)
handaku (半濁) |
Used with hiragana or katakana to indicate a
change from a hahihuheho sound to a papipupepo
sound.
|
| Punctuation marks (kutouten 句読点)
|
|
。 |
2123 |
3002 | kuten (句点)
maru (丸) |
The Japanese equivalent of the period, "." or full stop. Marks the end
of a sentence.
|
|
、 |
2122 |
3001 | touten (読点) |
Japanese equivalent of a comma.
|
|
・ |
2126 |
30FB | nakaguro (中黒)
potsu (ぽつ)
nakaten (中点) |
Used to separate items in lists and show the beginning and end of
strings of katakana words. See 1.1.9. What is katakana used for?
|
| Other special marks
|
|
〆 |
213A |
3006 | shime (しめ) |
This character is used to write shime in
shimekiri (deadline) etc.
|
|
〜 |
2141 |
301C | nyoro (にょろ)
naishi (ないし)
nami (波)
kara (から) |
Used in "to from" constructions in Japanese, such as 月〜金曜日
"from Monday to Friday".
|
|
… |
2144 |
2026 | tensen (点線) |
A line of dots, or ellipsis.
|
|
|
None |
None | bouten (傍点)
wakiten (脇点) |
Adding these dots to the sides of characters emphasizes the
character in question. It is the Japanese equivalent of the use of
italics for emphasis in English.
|
|
※ |
2228 |
203B | kome (米)
komejirushi (米印) |
This symbol is used in notes (chuu, 注). See also jekai's page
about komejirushi.
|
|
＊ |
2176 |
FF0A | hoshijirushi (星印)
asuterisuku (アステリスク) |
This symbol is used in notes (chuu, 注). See also jekai's page
about komejirushi.
|
|
〓 |
222E |
3013 | getakigou (下駄記号) |
This symbol is used for undecipherable handwritten kanji, kanji which
have no typeface available, kanji which have no computer code point
available, and as a substitute for unpublishable words.
|
|
None |
303D | ioriten (庵点) |
This mark is used to show the start of a singer's part of a
song. For more details, see jeKai's page
on the ioriten.
|
| Organization marks
|
|
〒 |
2229 |
3012 | yuubin (郵便) |
Used to indicate post offices on maps, and printed before
postcodes. See also 15.1. How does the Japanese addressing system work?
|
|
None |
3004 | jisuma-ku (ジスマーク)
nihon kougyou kikaku (日本工業規格) |
This mark on a product shows that it complies with a Japanese
Industrial Standard.
|
|
㊙ |
None |
3299 | maruhi (丸秘) |
This means "secret".
|
The repetition symbols described here are much less used nowadays than
they were in the past. Odoriji (踊り字) and jouji (畳字),
also known as hanpukukigou (反復記号) are general names for the
repetition marks like 々 and ゞ. On a word processor, they can be
obtained by typing dou (同), onaji (同じ) or onajiku (同
じく). See also 14.4. How can I input small kana like ぃ, っ and ょ, or づ on a computer?
The list of symbols was collected from newsgroup discussions, R.
A. Miller's book `A Japanese reader',
several Japanese dictionaries, and the information in `skkdic.el' in
GNU Emacs. Thanks to Bart Mathias, Kouji Ueshiba,
Anthony J. Bryant, Jeff Schrepfer, and roxfan for more
corrections.
